![]() ![]() The independent variable is manipulated and the dependent variable is measured to see how it is affected as the independent variable changes.Ī complex hypothesis is similar to a simple one but includes two or more independent variables or two or more dependent variables. Hours spent studying, in this statement, is the independent variable and g rades is the dependent variable. Here's an example: More hours spent studying for an exam result in higher grades. Using the scientific method to confirm a hypothesisĪ simple hypothesis might predict a causal relationship between two variables, meaning that one has an effect on the other. According to others, however, testability is adequate, on the grounds that if there is sufficient support for a hypothesis it is not necessary to be able to conceive of a contrary outcome. (However, the terms are reversed if the researchers are predicting no difference or change, hypothesizing, for example, that the incidence of one variable will not increase or decrease in tandem with the other.) The null hypothesis satisfies the requirement for falsifiability: the capacity for a proposition to be proven false, which some schools of thought consider essential to the scientific method. The researcher's prediction is usually referred to as the alternative hypothesis, and any other outcome as the null hypothesis - basically, the opposite outcome to what is predicted. Hypothesis testing is the core of the scientific method. In a scientific experiment or study, the hypothesis is a brief summation of the researcher's prediction of the study's findings, which may be supported or not by the outcome. searchurl()Ī function that takes a hypothes.is user name and/or a tag (or list of tags) and generates a well-formed search URL for the hypothes.is API.A hypothesis ( plural: hypotheses), in a scientific context, is a testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables or a proposed explanation for some observed phenomenon. Call apiurl(share_url_for_an_individual_annotation) to return the API-friendly URL. apiurl()Ī function that converts a share URL (easy to find in the hypothes.is user interface) into an API-friendly URL (difficult to find), for passing to retrieve(). Use a for loop to pass each item returned into the Annotation() class. Each annotation's JSON data is an item in a list. Call retrievelist(search_url_for_the_hypthes.is_api) to retrieve the JSON data for all annotations in the search results. retrievelist()Ī function that retrieves the JSON data for a list of hypothes.is annotations, given a well-formed search URL for the hypothes.is API. Call retrieve(api_url_for_a_single_annotation) to retrieve the JSON data, for passing into the Annotation() class. hypothesisurl (the URL for the annotation)Ī function that retrieves the JSON data for a single hypothes.is annotation, given the annotation's API URL.id (the unique ID of the hypothes.is annotation this ID is included in the URL for the annotation).updated (the date and time the annotation was updated).created (the date and time the annotation was created).user (the hypothes.is user ID of the annotator).comment (the annotation comment left by the annotator).highlight (the article text highlighted in the annotation).title (the title of the annotated article).This object has the following attributes: ![]() Call Annotation(json_data_for_single_annotation) to create a new object. Annotation()Īn object class for a single hypothes.is annotation. See test (at end of script) for sample code.įollowing is a list of classes and functions in this module that Python programmers can use to incorporate hypothes.is functionality in their scripts. The beginnings of a Python module that will allow programmers a simpler interface for the hypothes.is API. I'm going to look into adding that functionality to this script, but it's not ready yet. To enhance that process, you could add the appropriate path to the output file name in this script, and write a shell script that runs this script and then commits/pushes to GitHub, and then schedule that script to run at regular intervals from your computer/server. The downside to this script, which results from the way GitHub Pages works, is that you have to run it manually each time you want to fetch new annotations. You can see this script in action on my website. (I'd change the name.) Finally, add a link to the page. Then place the 'jekyllOutput.md' file it creates into your Jekyll/GitHub blog. There are comments in the script to help you. Simply open the script, change the variables at the top of the file to suit your needs, and run it. This script (still in progress) calls the hypothes.is API, searches for public annotations from a specific user with a specific hashtag, and writes the results to a markdown file that is Jekyll-friendly. Python scripts for interacting with the hypothes.is API. ![]()
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